Percussive tool.



C. H. HAESLER. PERGUSSIVE TOOL. APPLICATION FILED Nov; e, 191s.

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C. H. HAESELER. PERGUSSIVBTOOL.

APPLIoATIoN HLSD Nov.s,1913.

Patented Apr. 14,1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

CHARLES HAESELER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

PERCUSSIVE TOOL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 14, 1914i..

Application filed November 6, 1913. Serial No. 799,417.

To all 'whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. HAnsnLnn, a citizen ot' the United States, residing in the city of Philadelphia, county of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Percussive Tools, of which the following is a specification. j

My invention relates to means for turn ing the bits of percussive tools, particularly hammer drills, andV it is characterized by the combination with a cylinder, of a percussive piston provided with a tapered section, a revoluble chuck, and means comprising a lever actuated by said tapered section and la clutching member actuated by said lever to effect a turning movement of the chuck, the preferred construction comprising a lever acting transversely to the piston and to which the power is applied between the i'ulcrum and the work.

The primary purpose of my .invention is to eilect a posit-ive and substantial turning movement of the drill bit by simple and compact means actuated by a section of a revoluble pistonrslightlytapered, soA as to avoid objectionable weakness and produce the maximum turning movement of the bit with the minimum reduction in the normal. diameter of the pist-on or hammer.-

In the accompanying' drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of a. drill embodying my improvements; Fig. 2 is a sectional vieu7 taken on the linel 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 8 is a. sectional view taken on the line 8-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4: is a part sectional elevation at right angles to the view shown in l? 1; lr ig.. 5 is a broken sectional view ,illi'lst-rating modifications 'in the construction, and Fig. (i is an elevation ol? a detached piston having a reverse taper.

The drill, as shown in the drawings, comprises' the cylinder' 1 containing a piston 2, a chuck 3 having` a `sleeve 4: revoluble lon thc reduced forward end 5 oi the cylinder, a bit 6 movable longitudinally in and ada-pted to be turned by the chuck, a housing 7 provided with a sleeve S telescoped on the sleeve 41 and a bearing 9 engaging the bearing flange 10 on the sleeve 4t, and the tie rods 11 which are engaged to lugs 12 on the h ad of the cylinder, pass between lugs 13 in the housing and are provided with nuts 14 thereon for Asupporting coiled springs 15 which -support the housing. Within the housing 7 on the top of the sleeve 4, above the liange 10, is fixed a ratchet ring 16 hav- 'ing the peripheral teeth 17, and sari-omni.-

lng this ring' is a collar provided with the pawls 19 staggered in relation to the ratchet teeth and normally held in position for engagement therewith by the springs 20 on the collar, the latter bearing' and turning on the cylinder section 5 and bearing iiange 10. Bent levers 21 are respectively fulcrumed at one end on the bearings 22 within the housing 7 and are pivotally com nected at their opposite ends with-.links 23 which are pivot-ally connected to the eollar 18, the latter being provided with the peripheral channel 24e` and the recesses `25 for the respective levers and links. Bearings 26, of hardened steel, are carried by the respective levers, between their ends, and extend inwardly therefrom into thev apex tures 27 .through the collar. -Balls'28, of hardened steel, are disposed in apertures 29 in the part 5 of the cylinder, being adapted to extend into the apertures 27 and through the wall of the cylinder. A

The piston 1 is provided with the conical section 80 and the reduced cylindricalsection 31 having substantially the diameter of the smaller end of the tapered section adacent thereto these sections engaa'ino" the 1 t, t) 2'# balls 28 in different positions of the reciprocating piston, the balls being held in engagement with the piston by the actions of the springs iix'ed within the housing 7 and bearing against the toggles formed by the levers 21 and links 23.

The piston 2 is reciprocated by the pressure of iiuid introduced to the cylinder 1 from the duct through`t11e passages 311 and 35, alternately, under control of a valve 36, the Huid exhausting through the ports 3G and 37, in a known manner. The hammer or forward .end .2 of the advancing piston delivers its blow to the block 38 movable in the forward end 5 of the cylinder, the block transmitting the blow to the bit G.

During the movement ot the piston 'from its rear to its forward position, the springs l32 act upon the levers 21 so as to move them and the balls 2S to their inner position.y the levers acting through thelinks 23 to turn the collar 18 so as to retract the pawls 19.l

beginning, of t through soft engagement of the tapered section 30 with such balls, against the bearings 26, the levers 2l are moved outwardly, the links 23 are caused to turnthe collar 18 forward and the erigag'ng pawl 19 acts through the ratchet mechanism 16 to turn the chuck 3 and the bit 6, the staggered relation of the pawls with reference to the ratchet teeth insuring a clutching engagement substantiallyl at the e forward movement of the collar and the substantially tangential relation of the forwardly moving pawls to the ratchet ring providing for the most effective application of their thrust. As the movement of the lever links or the place of application to the work, is substantially twice-that of their bearings 26, or the place of application of power, the diametral reductions in forming the conical section 30 and the cylindrical section 31 are comparativelysmall. Itwill be understood that the bearing of the collar 18 on the cylinder section `5 Aprevents irregular action by keeping the reciprocatingparts in correct relation.

-he construction ma' trated in Fig. 5, in w ich the sleeve 4 has the radial ratchet teeth 17 on the flange 10 revoluble on the bearing 9, andthe collar 18 (turned on the cylinder section 5 by the action of the piston section 30 through the balls 28lon the levers 21) carries a ring 38 having the radial ratchet teeth 38 which ride over the ratchet teeth 17 when moved reversely and positively engage when moved forwardly whereby the chuck sleeve 4 is turned. The collar 18 is provided with the ways 18 and the ring 88 is provided with the lugs 38 engaged and movable vertically in the Ways, while a circular channel 39 in the collar contains a coiled spring 40 which bears upon the ring 38 to hold its teeth 38, in engagement with the teeth 17.

A piston 6 may be substituted for the piston 6, as illustrated in Fig. 6, in which the taper 30 is reverse to the taper 30, so that the turning operation will be effected in the downward movement ofthe piston, as may be desirable, particularly in operating or plastic substances.

Having describedv my invention, I claim 1. 'A percussive tool comprising a cylinder, a chuck connected in revoluble relation thereto, a\piston having an inclined surface in said cylinder, and means whereby said inclined surface turns said4 chuck, said means comprising a lever 'having a fulcrum connection, a/work connection and a connection withsaid inclined surface between saidful'rum andwork connections.

2. A fpercussive tool comprising a cylinder, a i,cliick connected in revoluble relation/thereto, a piston having a tapered 'secthe latter are moved outwardly -crum and connection,

ends connected .with the.

be modified as iiiustion movable in said cylinder, a collar adapted to turn. on said cylinder, a lever having a fulcrum and a connection with Said collar, means whereby said tapered section applies power to said lever between said fulnism whereby said 3. A percussive having an inclined. surface, a cylinder in which said piston is reciprocated, a chuck connected in i'evolublc relation with sai cylinder, clutching mechanism comprising an oscillating member for turning sai chuck, and means operated by said inclined surface for moving said oscillating member, said means comprising a fulci'umed Alever adapted to oscillate transversely to said piston, said oscillating member and a device conlcollar turns said chuck.

.necting said inclined surface with Tsafid lever between its fulerum and its place'of connection with said device l'irst named.

4. A percussive tool comprising -a piston having a tapered section, av `cylinder' iil which said piston reciprocates, a collar adapted to'turn on said cylinder, a lever., a bearing on which said lever isfulcruined, v.a link connecting said leverA and cellar,- arid means whereby said tapered section-applies power to said lever.

5. Apercussive tool comprising apistoir having an inclined surface, a cylinder in which said piston reciprocates, a collar adapted to turn on said cylinder, a chuck connected in revoluble relation to said cylinder, clutching mechanism whereby said collar turns said chuck, a lever fulcrumed so as to oscillate transversely to said piston,4

means whereby said lever turns said-collar, and means whereby said surface moves said lever.

6. A ercussive tool comprising a piston provide with a conical section and a cylindrical sectionl having substantially the d1- ameter of the smaller end of said conical section, a cylinder in which said sections reciprocate, said cylinder having an aperture therein, a ball disposed in said aperture and adapted for-engagement with said sections, a lever ladapted to be moved by said ball through the action of said conical section, means comprising a clutching device connected in oscillatable relation to said cyl# inder, a link connecting said lever and means, and a'chuck having a clutchin device adapted to be turned intermittent y by the oscillation of said clutching device first named.

7. A percussive tool comprising a piston provided with an inclined surface, a cylinder in which said surface is reciprocated, said cylinder having an aperture therein, a device disposed.in said aperture, a lever adapted to be moved transversely to said by said device, means adapted to be piston tool comprising a piston 7e and clutching mechaa device connecting saidlever with ioe turned relatively to said cylinder by said 1ever, said means having a movement of oscillation transverse to said cylinder, and a chuck connected in revoluble relation to said cylinder, said chuck having peripheral ratchet teeth adapted to be engaged by said means and lying within the path of movement thereof.

8. A percussive tool comprising a hammer having an inclined surface, a cylinder in which said hammer reciprocates, a chuck connected in revoluble. relation to said cylinder, a ratchet ring connected with said chuck,'a collar adapted to turn on said cylinder, pawls carried by said collar exterior to said ring, springs carried by said collar for holding said paWls in engagement With said ring, levers, bearings on which said levers are fulcrumed, links connecting said levers with said collar, springs for pressing said levers toward said piston, and balls movable by said inclined surface whereby said levers are moved outwardly.

9. A percussive tool comprising a piston having an inclined surface, a cylinder in which said piston reciprocates, reciprocat-l ing means comprising a lever actuated by said inclined surface, a collar adapted to be oscilla-ted on said cylinder by said means, one or more pan'ls carried by said collar, and a chuck having clutching means engaged by said pmvl or paxvls.

ln testimonyv whereof' l have hereunto set in v name this fom-ih day of Xovemher,

1915 in the presence of the subscribing witn 

